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If oxygen saturation is too low, that is referred to as both hypoxemia or hypoxia. With hypoxemia the oxygen content in the arterial blood is reduced.10 Hypoxia is a lack of oxygen in the entire organism or in certain tissues. 90-94%, paO2 approx. Eighty mmHg). High-grade / extreme hypoxemia (SaO2 lower than 85%, paO2 lower than 50 mmHg). Hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency: decreased partial stress of oxygen (pO2). Hypercapnic respiratory insufficiency: Decreased partial strain of oxygen (pO2) and increased partial stress of carbon dioxide (pCO2). Latent respiratory insufficiency: Decreased partial stress of oxygen (pO2) during exercise. Hypoxic hypoxia: partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in arterial blood is just too low. Anemic hypoxia: O2 transport capability of the blood is decreased (e.g., as a result of a decrease in hemoglobin content or impaired O2 binding capacity). Ischemic or circulatory hypoxia (stagnant hypoxia): tissue perfusion is impaired (e.g., due to heart failure, blood vessel occlusion). Histotoxic hypoxia: cellular respiration is blocked by toxins. There are a lot of causes of low oxygen saturation: varied lung diseases can lead to too little oxygen reaching the pulmonary alveoli (ventilation disorder). Diffusion disorders are also potential, through which the gasoline alternate between alveoli and capillaries is disturbed. As well as, diseases of the blood, such as anemia or hematopoiesis, trigger impaired oxygen transport. Cardiovascular diseases similar to heart failure cause inadequate oxygen provide to the organs due to vascular occlusion. In addition to diseases, environmental components equivalent to excessive altitudes can also result in a decrease in oxygen saturation within the blood.
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